For decades, Americans have been told to avoid table salt to reduce their risk of hypertension and related health conditions. But when iodized table salt is reduced, people can unknowingly lower their iodine intake to suboptimal levels. Analyses from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) show that urinary iodine levels have plummeted since the 1970s.

The good news is that you can avoid iodized table salt without sacrificing the health benefits of iodine. Sea-Iodine™ is a low-cost proprietary formula that health-conscious individuals can take each day to support optimal iodine levels. Using standardized extracts harvested from a blend of marine algae, Sea-Iodine™ brings you the health of the sea while avoiding the dangers of excessive salt intake.

The purified algae extracts found in Sea-Iodine™ come from the pristine waters of Iceland, Nova Scotia, Italy and Norway, providing you with over 667% of the Recommended Daily Value of natural iodine.

Iodine is a health-promoting trace element essential for life. Its primary biological role lies in the production of the thyroid hormones triiodothyronine (T3) and thyroxine (T4).82 T4 and T3 contain four and three atoms of iodine per molecule, respectively. The thyroid gland actively absorbs iodide from the blood to make and release these hormones into the blood.

Iodine happens to be found abundantly in sea vegetables and plants. In areas where no marine foods are eaten, people have lower iodine levels.83 For this reason, US commercial salt makers have long added iodine to deliver this key ingredient to your diet. However, we now know the dangers associated with eating too much table salt, which resurrects the dilemma of where to get healthy sources of iodine.

Ironically, health-conscious people are often the most likely to develop low iodine levels.84 One reason is that athletes and people engaged in heavy physical effort deplete their natural stores of this trace mineral through perspiration. Vegetarians also have a substantially greater likelihood of low levels of iodine than carnivorous people, since foods of plant origin are less rich in iodine than animal-derived foods. One study demonstrated iodine deficiency in 25% of vegetarians and an incredible 80% of vegans.85

For those members who would like the convenience and economy of taking vitamin D along with their Sea-Iodine™ all in one pill, Life Extension also offers Vitamin D3 with Sea-Iodine™.

Studies indicate that excess fibrinogen is a strong predictor of mortality.81,82 It has been suggested that plasma fibrinogen levels are closely and independently associated with the risk of silent cerebrovascular events.83,84

Life Extension has determined that optimal fibrinogen levels should range between 215 and 300 milligrams per deciliter (mg/dL) of blood. Fibrinogen Resist™ provides targeted nutritional support for those seeking to maintain blood fibrinogen levels in healthy ranges. This formula offers a unique combination of enzymes and antioxidants that support cardiovascular health.

Each capsule of Fibrinogen Resist™ provides NSK-SD™ nattokinase, the most bioactive form of this enzyme available. Nattokinase helps to maintain healthy fibrinolytic activity and clotting function and promotes healthy circulation and blood flow. Also included is Enzogenol®, a pine bark extract that has demonstrated antioxidant and fibrinogen-managing effects. In a study of smokers—who typically have elevated fibrinogen levels — the combination of Enzogenol® and vitamin C significantly helped normalize fibrinogen levels.85

Only Trace Minerals provides bio-available forms of minerals in a convenient, low-cost supplement.

Calcium is the most popular mineral supplement on the market, yet certain forms of calcium tablets are often poorly absorbed by the digestive systems of older people because of insufficient stomach acid.6 The Life Extension Foundation Buyers Club supplies calcium and almost all other mineral supplements only in the form of finely divided mineral powders within capsules that easily disintegrate in the stomach for optimal absorption. Studies have also shown that certain mineral compounds are absorbed better than others.7-10

Calcium is the most abundant mineral in the body where it is primarily found in bones and teeth. In bone formation, calcium forms crystals that provide strength to maturing bone. Peak bone mass is usually achieved when people are in their 20’s.

Calcium is needed for more than just healthy bones. It is also important for muscle contraction, blood vessel contraction and expansion, the secretion of hormones and enzymes, and sending messages through the nervous system. A meta-analysis of 56 clinical trials demonstrated a significant impact on heart health resulting from increasing calcium intake by 1000 to 2000 mg/day.11 In addition, recent evidence suggests that increased intake of calcium may help in weight control as well.12-15

Magnesium is one of the body’s most important minerals. It is required as a co-factor in hundreds of enzymatic processes within cells.16 It helps maintain normal muscle and nerve function, keeps heart rhythm steady, supports a healthy immune system, and keeps bones strong.* Magnesium also helps to maintain blood sugar and blood pressure levels already within normal range, and is known to be involved in energy metabolism and protein synthesis.17,18*

Magnesium is a major factor in relaxing the smooth muscles within the blood vessels, thereby reducing peripheral vascular resistance and promoting a healthy cardiovascular system.19-21*  Magnesium also affects circulating levels of norepinephrine and the synthesis of serotonin and nitric oxide.16,22-24

In bone mineral health, magnesium (or lack of) influences the bone mineral matrix and its ability to metabolize minerals needed for repair and rebuilding.25, 26 The scientific literature documents the need for a wide range of minerals that are vital to maintaining strong, healthy bones.*

Calcium and other minerals are best not taken with fiber, because fiber can interfere with their absorption.1-5 There is evidence that calcium from supplements and dairy foods may inhibit iron absorption, although it has been very difficult to distinguish between the effects of calcium on iron absorption versus other inhibitory factors such as phytate.27

Therefore, if you are iron deficient, it may be best to avoid taking calcium with meals.28  Calcium supplements are best administered at dinner and/or bedtime. They should always be taken with a full glass of water, juice, or other liquid to enhance solubility.29 If calcium-containing formulas are taken only once daily they may be best taken in the evening.30

A problem overlooked by most doctors is that loss of bone density is associated with deficiencies of not just calcium, but a host of other nutrients including magnesium and vitamin D3.31-37 In order for calcium to prevent bone loss, adequate amounts of vitamin D3, zinc, manganese and other nutrients should be available so that calcium, magnesium, and phosphorus can be incorporated into the bone matrix.38-46 Another issue that many people are not aware of is that many forms of calcium do not absorb particularly well.47,48

In order to overcome the impediments that preclude aging women and men from achieving optimal calcium status, a mineral formula has been designed that provides 1200 elemental milligrams from three different forms of calcium per daily dose, along with critically important nutrients needed to promote healthy bones. Bone Restore provides calcium along with nutrients like boron and silicon to further boost the body’s ability to maintain healthy bone density.49-53*

Mineral Formula for Women reflects the need of women for more calcium than men. This product should be taken as an addition to Life Extension Mix™. Vitamin D is included to aid in calcium absorption and utilization.

Calcium is the most popular mineral supplement on the market, yet certain forms of calcium tablets are often poorly absorbed by the digestive systems of older people because of insufficient stomach acid.6 The Life Extension Foundation Buyers Club supplies calcium and almost all other mineral supplements only in the form of finely divided mineral powders within capsules that easily disintegrate in the stomach for optimal absorption. Studies have also shown that certain mineral compounds are absorbed better than others.7-10

Calcium is the most abundant mineral in the body where it is primarily found in bones and teeth. In bone formation, calcium forms crystals that provide strength to maturing bone. Peak bone mass is usually achieved when people are in their 20’s.

Calcium is needed for more than just healthy bones. It is also important for muscle contraction, blood vessel contraction and expansion, the secretion of hormones and enzymes, and sending messages through the nervous system. A meta-analysis of 56 clinical trials demonstrated a significant impact on heart health resulting from increasing calcium intake by 1000 to 2000 mg/day.11 In addition, recent evidence suggests that increased intake of calcium may help in weight control as well.12-15

Calcium and other minerals are best not taken with fiber, because fiber can interfere with their absorption.1-5 There is evidence that calcium from supplements and dairy foods may inhibit iron absorption, although it has been very difficult to distinguish between the effects of calcium on iron absorption versus other inhibitory factors such as phytate.27

Therefore, if you are iron deficient, it may be best to avoid taking calcium with meals.28  Calcium supplements are best administered at dinner and/or bedtime. They should always be taken with a full glass of water, juice, or other liquid to enhance solubility.29 If calcium-containing formulas are taken only once daily they may be best taken in the evening.30

Magnesium is one of the body’s most important minerals. It is required as a co-factor in hundreds of enzymatic processes within cells.16 It helps maintain normal muscle and nerve function, keeps heart rhythm steady, supports a healthy immune system, and keeps bones strong.* Magnesium also helps to maintain blood sugar and blood pressure levels already within normal range, and is known to be involved in energy metabolism and protein synthesis.17,18*

Magnesium is a major factor in relaxing the smooth muscles within the blood vessels, thereby reducing peripheral vascular resistance and promoting a healthy cardiovascular system.19-21*  Magnesium also affects circulating levels of norepinephrine and the synthesis of serotonin and nitric oxide.16,22-24

In bone mineral health, magnesium (or lack of) influences the bone mineral matrix and its ability to metabolize minerals needed for repair and rebuilding.25, 26 The scientific literature documents the need for a wide range of minerals that are vital to maintaining strong, healthy bones.*

Magnesium is crucial for maintaining arterial health, already normal blood pressure, and already normal heart rhythm.74-84* Many Americans do not obtain adequate amounts of magnesium in their diets.85 Although Life Extension Mix™ contains a high amount of magnesium, many people may wish to take additional magnesium and other minerals as a “booster” to Life Extension Mix™.

Boron is an essential nutrient for optimal calcium metabolism and healthy bones and joints.50,52,58-60,153 Boron may affect human steroid hormone levels. Dietary boron intake may support a healthy prostate.154-156

As an essential co-factor of glutathione peroxidase,86 selenium is an important antioxidant.87 Selenium is incorporated into proteins to make selenoproteins, which are important antioxidant enzymes. The antioxidant properties of selenoproteins help prevent cellular damage from free radicals. Other selenoproteins help regulate thyroid function and play a role in the immune system, DNA repair, and the detoxification of heavy metals.87-91  High doses of vitamin C (over one gram) may enhance the absorption of selenium. This mineral is best taken in conjunction with antioxidant supplements, such as vitamins C or E.92,93

This product provides the most advanced forms of selenium on the market. Vitamin E has been added because it works synergistically with selenium.94

Iron is an integral part of many proteins and enzymes that maintain good health. In humans, iron is an essential component of proteins involved in oxygen transport. It is also essential for the regulation of cell growth and differentiation. A deficiency of iron limits oxygen delivery to cells, resulting in fatigue, poor work performance, and decreased immunity. Conversely, excess amounts of iron can result in toxicity and even death.145-147

Supplementation with iron protein succinylate has shown the following:

• Promotes healthy red blood cell formation148-150
• Supports healthy oxygen carrying capacity of blood (hemoglobin)148-150

Iron protein succinylate is a highly absorbable form of iron and is easier on the stomach than other forms of iron.151,152 Iron protein succinylate is a non-toxic iron compound.

Magnesium is one of the body’s most important minerals. It is required as a co-factor in hundreds of enzymatic processes within cells.16 It helps maintain normal muscle and nerve function, keeps heart rhythm steady, promotes a healthy cardiovascular function, supports a healthy immune system, and keeps bones strong. Magnesium also helps maintain blood sugar and blood pressure levels already within normal range, and it is known to be involved in energy metabolism and protein synthesis.17,18

Magnesium is a major factor in relaxing the smooth muscles within the blood vessels, thereby reducing peripheral vascular resistance and promoting a healthy cardiovascular system.19-21 Magnesium also affects circulating levels of norepinephrine and the synthesis of serotonin and nitric oxide.16,22-24

Magnesium positively influences the bone mineral matrix and its ability to metabolize minerals needed for repair and rebuilding.25,26 The scientific literature documents the need for a wide range of minerals, including calcium and magnesium, that are vital to maintaining strong, healthy bones.

A review of assimilation studies suggests that the citrate salt of magnesium is the best absorbed into the bloodstream.69,70 Magnesium citrate, however, is comprised of only 16% magnesium, and the recommended intake of elemental magnesium is 300 mg to 800 mg a day.71,72

Vanadyl sulfate is an effective form of the trace mineral vanadium. Research indicates vanadyl sulfate may improve tissue sensitivity and promote already healthy glucose metabolism for those within normal range.157-162

Zinc is a mineral that stimulates the activity of approximately 100 enzymes, which are substances that promote biochemical reactions in your body. These reactions are essential for the formation of superoxide dismutase, one of the body’s most important free radical scavengers. Zinc also promotes immune function,116-119 taste sensitivity,120-123 protein and DNA synthesis,124-126 insulin production,127,128 reproductive organ development and sperm motility.129-131 Zinc also supports normal growth and development during pregnancy, childhood, and adolescence.132-134

Age-related declines in immune function are associated with zinc deficiency, and the elderly represent a group that is vulnerable to mild zinc deficiency. Certain aspects of immune function in the elderly have been found to improve with zinc supplementation.116-118, 120, 135

Zinc lozenges with Vitamin C can provide immune support during the winter season.139-144 These lozenges are sweetened with sucrose and mannitol and have a natural orange flavor.